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For Baum, who was seated in the economy cabin, being in such close proximity to the “unruly” passenger for multiple hours wasn’t pleasant.
“I actually thought I’d throw up,” he tells【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel.“The guy pulled out his nails. He was bleeding. He stank, and he was blind drunk.”
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“The only reason I didn’t become unruly was because I thought, ‘Philip, you know better. You can’t suddenly become unruly,’” he says.
Baum is an aviation security expert, the founder ofDISPAX World, the international conference on Unruly Airline Passenger Management and Restraint.
Given his background, Baum found himself wondering – only half-jokingly – whether the whole incident was some kind of “test.”
Pre-pandemic, statistics recorded by the International Air Transport Association (IATA)indicated unruly airplane passengers were on the rise.Discussions about the issue were ramping up, with the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) launching its#notonmyflightinitiative in 2019, aiming to increase passenger awareness.
During the peak Covid years, fewer flights didn’t equal fewer problems – at least not in the US, wherereported incidents ballooned.In early 2021, Federal Aviation Authority data reached what an FAA spokesperson tells 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel was “record highs,” with many altercations based around the then-mandated face mask rule. As American flight attendant Susannah Carrtold 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel that year:“I come in expecting to have a passenger that could potentially get violent.”
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IATA classifies unruly behavior incidents into four levels. Level 1 is “minor” (IATA’s “Cabin Operations Safety Best Practice Manual” suggests this could be argumentative behavior or non-compliance with safety regulations). Level 2 is “moderate” (physically aggressive behavior, for example). Level 3 is “serious” (i.e. dangerous behavior, an “intent or threat to injure,” as IATA puts it). Level 4 is “flight deck breach” (which IATA classifies as “credible threat of death).
India s Best Pharmaceutical Stocks Stock Trend Prediction Tools ✌️【Quick Returns】✌️ AI-driven stock trend forecasting with free access to real-time market data, offering personalized investment advice and expert predictions. The latest available IATA data, from 2022, indicates most disruptive passenger incidents involved non-compliance, verbal abuse and intoxication. These incidents are less extreme, but are still seen as potentially detrimental to flight safety.
In a2023 documentcalled “Even safer and more enjoyable air travel for all: A strategy for reducing unruly and disruptive passenger incidents,” IATA states that while “only a tiny minority” of passengers behave badly, these travelers “have a disproportionate impact.”
Incidents could “threaten the safety and security of the aircraft, other passengers, and crew,” says IATA. There’s also the mental health impact on crew and passengers, and increased likelihood of inconvenient diversions, delays or cancellations.
Unruly passengers, “can compromise the ability for cabin crew to undertake their safety duties,” former flight attendant Liz Simmons, who flew for 17 years, tells 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel.
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It’s not surprising then, that as the pandemic waned and mask mandates were lifted, aviation workers and officials alike assumed the situation would improve.
European flight attendant Kris Major, who sits in groups within the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recalls conversations about pandemic bad behavior being “kind of a blip” and assumptions that they’d quickly be a “bounceback.”
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John Franklin, head of safety promotion at EASA, tells 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel he believes the uptick in unruly passenger behavior correlates with a more general societal behavior shift that’s taken place in the last couple of years.
“It has become clear that the increase in unruly passenger behavior matches what police see in general society since the Covid pandemic,” says Franklin, who says EASA’s been discussing the rise of disruptive behavior with European law enforcement.
People behaving badly in public spaces is a conversation that’s taken place beyond the aviation industry. In the UK, for example, there’s been an increase in what performing arts union Bectu calls“extreme anti-social behavior” among theater goers. Meanwhile, 2023 saw a slew of reports oftourists behaving badlyacross the globe – damaging heritage sites, eating endangered species and stealing.
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Kapela also attributes the increase in unruly passenger behavior to some “now viewing travel as both a right and a privilege after enduring uncertainty and restrictions.”
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During the pandemic years, airlines and airports furloughed staff. Many didn’t return. Then, when international air travel started to ramp up, restaffing quickly proved tricky.
It’s a vicious circle, suggests flight attendant Kris Major. Staffing issues, he says, are behind several general issues with the aviation industry right now – “flight delays, cancellations” – and such problems can also be the source of passenger tension and lead to unruly incidents.
Fewer staff, says Major, also means less “vigilance in the terminals” – meaning it’s harder for ground crews to spot and weed out a potential disruptive passenger.
India s Best Pharmaceutical Stocks Stock Trend Prediction Tools ✌️【Quick Returns】✌️ Get precise stock market predictions and free access to real-time market data for efficient decision-making and portfolio growth. Newly hired staff and cabin crew also bring less experience to the table. Former flight attendant Simmons suggests that no matter how good training might be, experience is often integral in handling unruly passenger incidents.
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“Time and exposure makes for a better diffuser,” she says. “We’re trained on the ground, but then you go into the air and everything you encounter on a daily basis could be considered on the job training as well.”
In recent years, airlines and airports have also increasingly relied on automated processes – think self check-in, automated gates. DISPAX World organizer Philip Baum says automation “dehumanizes the whole experience” of flying.
Passengers may not directly interact face-to-face with another person until they’re at the gate or boarding the aircraft. When they finally do, air rage hits.
“The passenger could be carrying all types of grievances about the booking process, the security screening – something may have happened in their life – and it’s just that buildup of anxiety and anger that compounds with other issues,” says Simmons.
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Bearing the brunt of disruptive passenger incidents places “a significant emotional burden” on cabin crew, as aviation psychologist Kapela puts it.
“Their already demanding job, focused on ensuring safety, becomes even more challenging when dealing with disruptive passengers.”
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India s Best Pharmaceutical Stocks Stock Trend Prediction Tools ✌️【Quick Returns】✌️ Free break-even services and stock analysis to help you recover quickly from losses and increase your chances of making profitable investments. There’s also the potential physical and emotional threat to aviation workers – as evidenced in the news reports of flight attendants at the receiving end of violence – and other passengers.
India s Best Pharmaceutical Stocks Stock Trend Prediction Tools ✌️【Quick Returns】✌️ Real-time global stock market trend analysis to help you identify profitable opportunities and improve your investment strategies. At the 2023 iteration of DISPAX World – Baum’s conference on unruly passenger behavior – presenter Polly Hilmarsdóttir, from Icelandair, said the airline’s ground staff are instructed, when they encounter an unruly passenger, to consider the question “Would you be happy for this passenger to sit next to a child you care about?” If the answer is ‘no’, Icelandair staff are instructed to deny boarding.
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Daniela Modonesi, who works at an Italian airport and who is chair of the European Transport Workers’ Federation (ETF)’s Ground Staff Committee, agrees ground staff have an important role to play. She adds that disruptive passenger-related issues are also prevalent on the ground and can cause knock-on effects.
“If (passengers are) in a line with somebody screaming, they don’t want to go on board with this person,” Modonesi tells 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel.
Unruly passengers also lead to attrition across the aviation industry, says Modonesi. She regularly sees fellow ground staff leaving work, crying, following interactions with aggressive passengers. Often they hand in their notice not long after.
“You start thinking, ‘Why should I do this? I could change jobs so that this goes away,’” says Modonesi.
India s Best Pharmaceutical Stocks Stock Trend Prediction Tools ✌️【Quick Returns】✌️ Free access to real-time stock indices, futures data, and market predictions to help you select high-return stocks and build a profitable portfolio. An FAA representative told 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel they review every unruly passenger report received from airlines. The FAA will investigate further when they believe a passenger “may have violated a regulation or federal law.”
Unruly passengers in the US face fines of up to $37,000 per incident, as well as criminal prosecution.
“While we do not have criminal prosecution authority, the FAA is working closely with the FBI and TSA to ensure unruly passengers face additional punishments when warranted,” the FAA spokesperson told 【 - Free Stock Market Return Analysis 】 Travel.
India s Best Pharmaceutical Stocks Stock Trend Prediction Tools ✌️【Quick Returns】✌️ Professional stock market predictions and analysis with real-time data to guide your investment decisions and ensure steady growth. Airlines can also choose to place disruptive travelers on internal no-fly lists. These may be shared with partner airlines – for example, Dutch airline KLM shares this data with its low cost sister airline Transavia, and passengers arebanned from flying with either airline for a minimum of five yearsif they misbehave on a Transavia or KLM flight.
However, penalizing disruptive passengers – particularly on international flights – can be complicated. Under existing international law (the Tokyo Convention 1963), offenses committed on board an aircraft are under the jurisdiction of the authorities in the state in which the aircraft is registered.
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In Europe,EASA’s Not on my Flight Campaignalso draws attention to the safety implications of people behaving badly on board via online advertisements.
“If you are a potentially unruly passenger, do you really not become unruly because you saw some zero tolerance unruly behavior video?” he questions.
Instead, Baum thinks the focus should be on the aviation industry’s approach to alcohol – which can be free flowing in the airport and on the plane and is often cited as a factor in unruly passenger incidents – and as a general threat to cabin safety. IATA says it’s working with airports and duty-free retailers to encourage responsible sales and marketing of alcohol, as often it’s the alcohol consumed prior to the flight that causes issues on board.
Former flight attendant Simmons thinks the FAA memes are effective – “visual images are such a powerful tool,” she says. But Simmons suggests there should also be reminders within the airport. Preboarding announcements that “crew are there for safety, first and foremost, and they’re not there as an outlet for aggression” could also be helpful, she says.
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“The way that flight attendants are represented in advertising, or onboard safety demonstrations sends a very powerful message to passengers,” she says.
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I feel we’ve been incredibly lucky that an aircraft has not been brought down because of unruly behavior in the skies.
Philip Baum, organizer of DISPAX World, the international conference on Unruly Airline Passenger Management and Restraint
EASA’s Franklin says it’s still too early to know if there will be a sea change in 2024 – not all data is yet available from 2023, for one.
He says EASA hopes “to see a reduction, particularly in events involving physical violence” and believes the industry will get there “through proactive passenger behavior management that deals with situations early before they escalate.”
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“We’ve got a problem,” says Philip Baum, who fears that “one day there will be a disaster because of an unruly passenger incident.”
“At the moment, I feel we’ve been incredibly lucky that an aircraft has not been brought down because of unruly behavior in the skies.”
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