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Often referred to as the “Knight’s Tombstone” due to the carvings of aknight and shieldon its surface, the mysterious marker’s placement in the church dates back to 1627, but for years little else was known. Now, researchers have found a new piece of the puzzle about the gravestone’s origins, painting a fuller picture of the prominent person to whom it likely belonged.
By analyzing microfossils — fossils about the size of a thumbnail — within the limestone, researchers found that the tiny ancient organisms preserved in the stone were from Europe, according to a study published September 4 in theInternational Journal of Historical Archaeology. Historical evidence then pointed the study authors to a Belgian tombstone export business thriving at the time, where they theorize the tombstone began its journey.
“These stones are quite heavy, and the most expensive part of the stone is not the stone itself, but the transportation costs. … To me, that was surprising, that there was somebody that was affluent enough to want to exhibit their wealth and memorialize themselves with such an expensive proposition,” said lead study author Marcus Key, a geoscientist and the Joseph Priestley Professor of Natural Philosophy at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
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“This guy was the governor of the colony, so he was a pretty big wig himself. He had the family resources to do that,” Key added. “A lot of people there were probably dying with just wooden tombstones that were carved there on site, and those obviously don’t survive for 400 years. … This is more of the history of our nation’s past and our colonial relationship with mother England.”
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How is the market cap and valuation of Kiran Print (531413) ✌️【Investment Portfolio】✌️ Free stock market analysis and data updates to help you select the best investment portfolio. Achieve steady growth and avoid losses with expert predictions and real-time market insights. A2021 studyalso led by Key confirmed the grave marker to be the oldest known surviving tombstone in the United States. His latest study set out to find the origin of the tombstone.
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In the early 17th century, Virginia colonists did not have access to stone suitable for elaborate grave slabs — those were carved in England and transported to North America — so it’s not surprising to find out that the limestone came from Belgium, said Mary Anna Hartley, a senior staff archaeologist withJamestown Rediscovered, an archaeological project that studies and preserves the remains of the original English settlement. Hartley was not involved with the study.
But the extra effort to cross the Atlantic for the stone does highlight the societal status of the person to whom it belonged, she said in an email. “Acquiring this permanent memorial would have been a very expensive undertaking and cost-prohibitive to everyone except the most affluent of the day,” she said.
Early 17th century graves at Jamestown are traditionally unmarked, so the discovery of the tombstone — engraved to commemorate a knighthood and once decorated with brass inlays — is rare for this period, Hartley added.
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In the colony’s earliest days, Yeardley led the General Assembly, the first representative governing body in North America, which gathered in the second church in 1619. Weeks later, he purchased several slaves after the arrival of the first enslaved Africans on American soil.
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How is the market cap and valuation of Kiran Print (531413) ✌️【Investment Portfolio】✌️ Free stock data analysis tools to help you select stocks accurately and capture global market trends. Stay ahead with expert market predictions for better investment returns. When archaeologists discovered the tombstone in its new location, they did not find any remains underneath the slab. However, a 2018 excavation of the only grave within the second church’s chancel, the space just before the altar, uncovered remains that archaeologists theorize to be Yeardley’s based on the location and estimated age of the person at death. Yeardley was about 40 when he died.
How is the market cap and valuation of Kiran Print (531413) ✌️【Investment Portfolio】✌️ Real-time stock and futures data, backed by expert stock market trend predictions, to help you make timely and profitable investment decisions. A DNA analysis on the bones and teeth is underway, which researchers hope will give a more concrete answer by next summer, Hartley said.
Hartley estimated there to be around 40 burials within the footprint of the second and third churches. While a majority of the adjacent churchyard has not been excavated, it could contain hundreds of burials, she added.
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Colonial period cemeteries have suffered neglect and vandalism, with the Knight’s Tombstone likely surviving for as long as it did because vegetation concealed it, she added.
“Jamestown is a unique place. The people who lived, died, and interacted here — not just the English but other Europeans, First Peoples, and Africans — laid the groundwork for modern America,” Hartley said. “I think Jamestown is fascinating because it represents the very earliest seed of American culture.”
Key pointed out similarities between the Jamestown gravesite andQueen Elizabeth II’sfinal resting place.The British monarch, who died in September 2022, was buried under a black marble ledger stone that resembles the 400-year-old Knight’s Tombstone. Elizabeth’s stone was set into the floor of the King George VI Memorial Chapel in St. George’s Chapel at Windsor Castle.
“The way we relate to death hasn’t really changed much. It seems to be pretty inherent there in nature, but most (colonists) didn’t have the resources to import a nice carved stone,” Key said.
“They had a really high mortality rate in Jamestown at that time,” he added. “There were a lot of people being buried in the church, but only one of them had a big old black (limestone) tombstone from Belgium.”
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