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How is the market cap and valuation of HB Portfolio Limited (532333) ✌️【Resume】✌️ Free access to global stock market data, with real-time updates on indices, futures, and commodities. Make informed investment decisions with the help of expert advisors and accurate stock trend predictions. While anecdotal evidence had previously suggested that orcas can take down whale sharks, marine scientists have now documented the behavior in detail for the first time, analyzing four separate hunting events caught on camera.

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“The whale shark has the smallest brain compared to body mass. The brain is the size of an egg,” said Francesca Pancaldi, first author of the study and a researcher at Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas in Mexico.

“It’s a big, big fish that is very slow compared with other sharks. It has tiny, tiny teeth that it doesn’t use as a defense mechanism,” Pancaldi added. “The only defense it has is flailing or diving down. It can dive to 2,000 meters or more.”

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First, the orcas use their bodies to hit a whale shark at high speed. Then, they flip the whale shark so it’s floating belly up and unable to dive down to escape. The orcas then bite the abdomen of their prey, allowing its blood to flow out before consuming its internal organs.

“You can clearly see how all the members of the orca pod are trying to bring down the whale shark,” Higuera Rivas said.

“While one orca was bumping him on the ventral (belly) side, the other one was bumping him on the head. Then eventually the whale shark is taken into an upside-down position,” he added.

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“As apex predators, killer whales have been known to hunt sharks for their fatty livers,” said Sarah Teman, a doctoral student in the University of Washington’s School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences.

“However, what makes this discovery exciting is that it’s the first time we’ve seen this behavior clearly documented with whale sharks, which are the largest sharks on the planet,” Teman, who was not involved in the study, added in an email. “It’s a pretty amazing find!”

Found worldwide, orcas are the ocean’s apex predators. They prey on a wide variety of creatures: fish, marine mammals like seals anddolphins, sea turtles, and cephalopods such as squid.

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It’s possible the Gulf of California orcas may form a new ecotype that specifically targets elasmobranchs — sharks and rays — Pancaldi and Higuera Rivas said, although more research is needed to prove the case. Moctezuma, who was first spotted in 1992, has been seen hunting other elasmobranch species such as the Munk’s pygmy devil ray, which is 1 meter (3.2 feet) wide, bull sharks and stingrays.

“More research is needed to understand where this specialized pod fits into our knowledge of ecotypes,” Teman said.

In South Africa, orcas have developedtechniques to kill great white sharks, one of the ocean’s most fearsome predators. The behavior has driven the sharks away from some parts of the coast around Cape Town in what some experts think is a worrying ecological shift.

However, Pancaldi said that the orcas’ appetite for whale sharks had not resulted in any significant consequences for the population of whale sharks that gather in the Gulf of California or the wider ecosystem.

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